(L. N. Driessen, 2024) ================================================================================ The Sydney Radio Star Catalogue: properties of radio stars at megahertz to gigahertz frequencies Driessen L. N., Pritchard J., Murphy T., Heald G., Robrade J., Das B., Duchesne S., Kaplan D. L., Lenc E., Lynch C., Mitchell-Bolton J., Pope B. J. S., Rose K., Stelzer B., Wang Y., Zic A. =2024arXiv240407418D ================================================================================ ADC_Keywords: Radio continuum; Stars, flare; X-ray sources; Stars, Wolf-Rayet; Stars, radio Keywords: radio continuum: stars; stars: flare; stars: variables: general; X-rays: stars; stars: Wolf-Rayet Abstract: We present the Sydney Radio Star Catalogue, a new catalogue of stars detected at megahertz to gigahertz radio frequencies. It consists of 839 unique stars with 3405 radio detections, more than doubling the previously known number of radio stars. We have included stars from large area searches for radio stars found using circular polarisation searches, cross-matching, variability searches, and proper motion searches as well as presenting hundreds of newly detected stars from our search of Australian SKA Pathfinder observations. The focus of this first version of the catalogue is on objects detected in surveys using SKA precursor and pathfinder instruments; however we will expand this scope in future versions. The 839 objects in the Sydney Radio Star Catalogue are distributed across the whole sky and range from ultracool dwarfs to Wolf- Rayet stars. We demonstrate that the radio luminosities of cool dwarfs are lower than the radio luminosities of more evolved sub-giant and giant stars. We use X-ray detections of 530 radio stars by the eROSITA soft X-ray instrument onboard the SRG (Spectrum Roentgen Gamma) spacecraft to show that almost all of the radio stars in the catalogue are over-luminous in the radio, indicating that the majority of stars at these radio frequencies are coherent radio emitters. The Sydney Radio Star Catalogue can be found in Vizier or at www.radiostars.org. Description: This is the first release of the Sydney Radio Star Catalogue, containing stars identified as emitting radio light. It contains stars detected below 3GHz by ASKAP, LOFAR, MeerKAT or the VLA. There are two tables, the Stars.dat table and the Radio.dat table. The Stars.dat table contains the identification information and basic properties of each unique star in the catalogue, so there is one row per star. The Radio.dat table contains data from each radio measurement of each star in the catalogue; so there may be more than one row per star. Both tables contain a unique identifier for each star of the format SRSC XXXXX to link the information in the tables together. File Summary: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- FileName Lrecl Records Explanations -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ReadMe 80 . this file stars.dat 312 865 Table of unique radio detected stars radio.dat 304 3570 Table of radio measurements of the radio stars in Stars.dat -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Byte-by-byte Description of file: stars.dat -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Bytes Format Units Label Explanations -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1- 10 A10 - Identifier A unique identifier for each star in the SRSC. 12- 39 A28 - Simbad The main identifier from the CDS Simbad database 41- 68 A28 - Gaia Gaia Data Release 3 (DR3) unique source identifier (unique within a particular Data Release) 70- 84 A15 - Tycho ? TYC1-3 (TYC number) Tycho identifier 86-108 A23 - 2MASS 2MASS designation from the Two Micron All Sky Survey at IPAC 110-121 A12 - GCVS Designation from the General Catalogue of Variable Stars (GCVS) 123-132 A10 - HIP Hipparcos input catalogue running number 134-149 A16 - UCAC4 Recommended identifier from the Fourth U.S. Naval Observatory CCD Astrograph Catalog 151-159 A9 - Survey The survey used to provide the astrometric information shown here (i.e. the position, proper-motion and parallax information) 161-188 A28 - Survey_id Designation of the source in the survey used to provide the astrometric information for the source 190-208 A19 - Epoch The observation epoch of the source in the survey. The RA and Dec provided here is proper-motion correct/observed, all RA and Dec are in the J2000 reference frame 210-225 F16.12 degree RAdeg [2.02/359.83] The J2000 RA in degrees proper-motion corrected to the date in the "Epoch" column 227-231 E5.1 mas e_RAdeg [0.0/2.0]? The uncertainty on the Right Ascension 233-248 F16.12 degree DEdeg [-85.08/82.88] The J2000 Declination in degrees proper-motion corrected to the date in the "Epoch" column 250-254 E5.1 mas e_DEdeg [0.0/2.0]? The uncertainty on the Declination 256-263 F8.3 mas plx [-0.2/768.07]? The parallax provided by the survey 265-269 F5.2 mas e_plx [0.01/9.0]? The uncertainty on the parallax 271-279 F9.3 mas/yr pmRA [-4339.86/3385.3]? The proper- motion in Right Ascension (*cos(Dec)) 281-287 F7.3 mas/yr e_pmRA [0.0/50.0]? The uncertainty on the proper-motion in Right Ascension (*cos(Dec)) 289-297 F9.3 mas/yr pmDE [-3409.82/960.7]? The proper- motion in Declination 299-305 F7.3 mas/yr e_pmDE [0.0/50.0]? The uncertainty on the proper-motion in Declination 307-309 F3.1 - Radio_multiple Flag indicating multiple optical matches to one radio source. 0 indicates that there is only one optical match to the radio component. 1 and 2 indicate that there are multiple matches, where 1 is the "preferred" source and 2 is a "duplicate". This is for ease of use, such that selecting rows where this flag = 0 or 1 results in a set of one-to-one radio to optical matches. If one radio component has multiple optical matches this may indicate that the optical matches are multiple components of the same stellar system, but this is not always the case. 311-312 I2 - Identification_method [2/26] Indicates the search methods used to identify the radio emission as stellar emission from this star. The possible values are the sum of cross-match=2, variability=4, proper-motion=8, and Stokes V=16. For example, a source found in both a cross-match and Stokes V search would have a value of 2+16=18. -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Byte-by-byte Description of file: radio.dat -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Bytes Format Units Label Explanations -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1- 10 A10 - Identifier A unique identifier for each star in the SRSC. 12- 15 F4.1 arcsec Match_separation ? The separation between the radio and optical position, where the optical position has been proper-motion corrected to the epoch of the radio observation 17- 53 A37 - Radio_id The identifier/name of the radio source in the radio survey 55- 75 A21 - Field The designation/identifier of the radio field or observation in the radio survey 77- 95 A19 - Obs_date ISOT start time of the radio observation 97-104 F8.1 s Exposure [298.0/46810.0]? Integration time of the radio observation 106-115 F10.5 degree RAdeg [2.02/359.83]? The Right Ascension (J2000) in degrees of the source in the radio observation 117-125 F9.5 degree DEdeg [-85.08/62.83]? The Declination (J2000) in degrees of the source in the radio observation 127-131 F5.2 arcsec e_RAdeg [0.05/2.0]? The uncertainty on the Right Ascension 133-137 F5.2 arcsec e_DEdeg [0.05/2.0]? The uncertainty on the Declination 139-144 F6.1 MHz Freq [144.0/3000.0] The central frequency of the radio observation 146-153 F8.3 mJy/beam SpeakI [0.07/188.3]? The peak flux density of the Stokes I detection of the source 155-160 F6.3 mJy/beam e_SpeakI [0.0/1.0]? The uncertainty on the peak flux density of the Stokes I detection of the source 162-169 F8.3 mJy StotI ? The integrated flux density of the Stokes I detection of the source 171-176 F6.3 mJy e_StotI [0.0/6.0]? The uncertainty on the integrated flux density of the Stokes I detection of the source 178-184 F7.2 arcsec bmax [5.0/107.17]? The major axis of the synthesised beam 186-191 F6.2 arcsec bmin [4.0/80.16]? The minor axis of the synthesised beam 193-199 F7.2 degree PA [0.14/180.0]? The position angle of the synthesised beam 201-206 F6.2 arcsec e_bmax [0.02/15.2]? Uncertainty on the major axis of the synthesised beam 208-213 F6.2 arcsec e_bmin ? Uncertainty on the major axis of the synthesised beam 215-230 A16 - Survey ? Name of the radio survey 232-237 F6.2 mJy/beam SpeakV [0.2/42.2]? The peak flux density of the Stokes V detection of the source 239-243 F5.2 mJy/beam e_SpeakV [0.06/0.3]? The uncertainty on the peak flux density of the Stokes V detection of the source 245-250 F6.2 mJy StotV [-6.9/42.9]? The integrated flux density of the Stokes V detection of the source 252-256 F5.2 mJy e_StotV [0.06/0.3]? The uncertainty on the integrated flux density of the Stokes V detection of the source 258-264 A7 - Telescope The radio telescope used 266-270 F5.2 mJy/beam localrmsV [0.06/0.31]? The local Stokes I rms 272-276 F5.2 mJy/beam localrmsI [0.01/1.71]? The local Stokes V rms 278-304 A27 - Ref The reference (bibcode) for the radio star identification -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- See also: 2023A&A...670A.124C : https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2023A%26A...670A.124C/abstract 2022MNRAS.510.1083D : https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2022MNRAS.510.1083D/abstract 2020MNRAS.491..560D : https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2020MNRAS.491..560D/abstract 2023MNRAS.523.5661W : https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2023MNRAS.523.5661W/abstract 2023PASA...40...36D : https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2023PASA...40...36D/abstract 2021MNRAS.502.5438P : https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2021MNRAS.502.5438P/abstract Acknowledgements: References: ================================================================================ (prepared by author / pyreadme )